悬崖上的尼泊尔采蜜人冒生命危险只为生计

2012-08-10 17:55

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标签：尼泊尔采蜜人尼泊尔采蜜人悬崖采蜜悬崖生命危险拉伊族

对于我们绝大多数人来说，蜂蜜只需到超市或者商店就能买到，但对于尼泊尔的拉伊族（Rai）村民来说，获得蜂蜜却要拿生命去冒险。到了每年的采蜜季节，他们要借助自制的绳梯爬下近百米高的悬崖峭壁，用竹竿捅掉蜂巢，而后装进篮子。整个过程惊险异常，稍有不慎就有可能送命。编译：shooter

悬崖上的尼泊尔采蜜人冒生命危险只为生计

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                "prevue": "对于我们绝大多数人来说，蜂蜜只需到超市或者商店就能买到，但对于尼泊尔的拉伊族（Rai）村民来说，获得蜂蜜却要拿生命去冒险。到了每年的采蜜季节，他们要借助自制的绳梯爬下近百米高的悬崖峭壁，用竹竿捅掉蜂巢，而后装进篮子。整个过程惊险异常，稍有不慎就有可能送命。编译：shooter",
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                   "note": "到了采蜜季节，尼泊尔的拉伊族村民便到喜马拉雅山的悬崖峭壁上采摘黑大蜜蜂的蜂巢。首先，他们在悬崖底下点燃树枝，用烟将蜜蜂从蜂巢熏走，而后利用绳梯爬下悬崖，用竹竿捅掉蜂巢，然后装进篮子。",
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                   "note": "一名拉伊族村民正用竹竿捅悬崖上的蜂巢。根据科学家研究岩画得出的发现，人类采蜜的历史可追溯到公元前1.3万年。在尼泊尔，采蜜拥有数千年的历史，是尼泊尔文化的一个重要组成部分。",
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                   "note": "惊心动魄的采蜜活动正处在进行时。拉伊族村民靠采蜜维持生计，采蜜时，他们只使用绳梯和竹竿这样的原始工具，同时没有任何安全保障措施，一不小心便可能坠落悬崖。",
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                   "note": "拉伊族的一名老人坐在绳梯上，一边抽着烟，一边注视着头顶上方的蜂巢。爬下悬崖采蜜要面临生命危险，因此通常由村里经验丰富的人从事这项工作。",
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                   "note": "尼泊尔的采蜜人收获金黄色的战利品——黑大蜜蜂的蜂巢。尼泊尔是地球上体型最大的蜜蜂——黑大蜜蜂（学名Apis　laboriosa）的家园。这种蜜蜂在悬崖峭壁上建造巢穴，迫使采蜜人只能冒着生命危险采蜜。",
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                   "note": "拉伊族的一名老人扛着刚刚收获的蜂巢。拉伊族各个村落的采蜜仪式略有差异，但基本上都从祷告开始，而后献上鲜花、水果和稻米等供品。",
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                   "note": "拉伊族的一名老人坐在绳梯上，眼睛注视着蜂巢。采蜜一年通常只有两次。到了采蜜季节，采蜜人成群结队地来到黑大蜜蜂筑巢的悬崖。采摘一个蜂巢通常需要两到三个小时，具体取决于蜂巢的位置和尺寸。",
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                   "note": "拉伊族的采蜜人首先在悬崖底下点燃树枝，用烟将蜜蜂从蜂巢熏走。随后，他们将绳梯抛下悬崖，等到同伴将绳梯固定后，再缓慢爬下绳梯。",
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                   "note": "拉伊族的妇女和儿童。现在，越来越多的旅行社组织观采蜜游。导游将游客带到采蜜地点，观看拉伊族人惊心动魄的采蜜过程。",
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "黑大蜜蜂的蜂巢。黑大蜜蜂是地球上体型最大的蜜蜂，它们酿造的蜂蜜价格不菲，可用于生产多种药物。",
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                   "note": "拉伊族村民在悬崖底下点燃树枝，用烟将黑大蜜蜂从蜂巢熏走。此外，烟也能在一定程度上保护采蜜人免遭凶猛的黑大蜜蜂攻击。",
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                   "note": "随着浓烟升到半空，成千上万的黑大蜜蜂被赶出蜂巢。黑大蜜蜂被赶走后，采蜜人便借助绳梯爬下悬崖。这种“高空作业”风险极大，但为了维持生计，他们必须冒险。",
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                   "note": "采蜜人悬在半空，在没有任何保护措施情况下采摘蜂巢，如此勇气不得不让人钦佩。千百年来，拉伊族人就以采蜜为生，但他们采用的方式至今没有任何改变，依然使用世代相传的技术和最原始的工具。",
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "自制的绳梯、竹竿和篮子，这些原始简陋的工具就是采蜜人的所有装备。拉伊族的悬崖采蜜是世界上最危险的活动之一。为了防止发生意外，这项工作往往由村里经验最丰富的人负责。",
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                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGGV4251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "一名拉伊族村民正用竹竿捅蜂巢。采摘一个蜂巢通常需要两到三个小时，具体取决于蜂巢的位置和尺寸。",
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                {
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "成千上万的黑大蜜蜂将采蜜人团团包围，景象非常恐怖。虽然浓烟能够驱赶黑大蜜蜂，保护采蜜人，但也只是“一定程度上”。采蜜人为了生存被迫面对悬崖和凶猛的黑大蜜蜂，黑大蜜蜂也为了保护蜂巢，向采蜜人展开猛烈进攻。",
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                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "采蜜人正试图将巨大的蜂巢捅下悬崖。拉伊族人采蜜时使用的绳梯是自己做的，看上去有些脆弱，实际上却非常坚固。据悉，很多拉伊族人在采蜜时送命。随着黑大蜜蜂的数量越来越少，这种危险的采蜜活动也逐渐走向消亡。",
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                ,
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "双管齐下。一根竹竿用来捅蜂巢，另一根竹竿上绑着篮子，用来装捅下来的蜂巢。这个蜂巢与地面之间的距离接近100米，采蜜人需要拥有何种勇气，我们可想而知。",
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "采蜜人顺利将蜂巢捅下并装进篮子。随着时间的推移，拉伊族的惊险采蜜活动也被越来越多的人所知。现在，观看采蜜已经成为一个旅游项目，吸引了很多游客，尤其是摄影师。勇敢的游客还可以参与其中，体验这惊心动魄的原始生存方式。",
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "金黄色的黑大蜜蜂蜂蜜。这种蜂蜜非常受消费者追捧，尤其是在韩国，因此价格非常昂贵。不过，拉伊族人更愿意将采集的蜂蜜与村里的人分享，而不是卖掉换钱。",
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                   "note": "黑大蜜蜂和它们的蜂巢。这种蜜蜂原产自喜马拉雅山，采集白杜鹃花的花蜜，在垂直悬崖的西南侧建造巨大的巢穴。成年黑大蜜蜂的身长可达到3厘米，一个蜂巢里的蜂蜜最多可达到60公斤。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "88HVGKMH251H0025",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGKMH251H0025.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGKMH251H0025.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGKMH251H0025.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGKMH251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "村民们将采摘的蜂巢装进锅里，而后花几个小时取出里面的原始蜂蜜。至此，采蜜才最终结束。拉伊族人世世代代以采蜜为生，这种充满危险的活动是他们传统文化的一个重要组成部分。在这个族落，父亲将采蜜需要的技能传给儿子，儿子变成父亲后，再传给他的儿子。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "88HVGL6K251H0025",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGL6K251H0025.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGL6K251H0025.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGL6K251H0025.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGL6K251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "采蜜人悬在半空，用竹竿捅蜂巢。悬崖上采蜜是在拿生命冒险，在外人看来不可思议，但这却是拉伊族人的传统，已经拥有几千年历史。令人感到吃惊的是，他们的采蜜方式一直没有发生变化，依然使用世代相传的技术和最原始的工具。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "88HVGLGJ251H0025",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGLGJ251H0025.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGLGJ251H0025.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGLGJ251H0025.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGLGJ251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "拉伊族村民挤出蜂巢中的蜂蜜。黑大蜜蜂的蜂蜜价格是普通蜂蜜的5倍左右。这种蜂蜜含有木藜芦毒素，具有麻醉功效，能够让人放松。不过，食用过量也会导致中毒。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "88HVGM0P251H0025",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGM0P251H0025.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGM0P251H0025.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGM0P251H0025.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGM0P251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "采蜜人将蜂巢抛下悬崖。虽然采蜜异常危险，但他们的工具却非常原始，这不得不让人佩服他们的勇气和胆量。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "88HVGMN9251H0025",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGMN9251H0025.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGMN9251H0025.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGMN9251H0025.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGMN9251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "拉伊族村民正在忙碌着，身边放着刚刚采摘的蜂巢。悬崖采蜜是他们的传统生活方式，由于充满危险，很多人因此送命。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "88HVGN20251H0025",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGN20251H0025.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGN20251H0025.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGN20251H0025.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0025/2012-08-10/88HVGN20251H0025.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "拉伊族的采蜜人合影留念。总部设在加德满都的国际山地综合发展中心启动了喜玛拉雅山蜜蜂保护计划，对采蜜活动进行管理，使其具有可持续性。此外，他们还积极与当地村落合作，保护黑大蜜蜂。旅游业的发展也促使当地村民保护动植物。所有这些都旨在让黑大蜜蜂和当地采蜜人和谐共存。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
            ]
        }