刘昆与新加坡财长签署换函 宣布新加坡核准 《“一带一路”融资指导原则》

（原标题：刘昆与新加坡财长签署换函，宣布新加坡核准 《“一带一路”融资指导原则》）

2018年11月13日 来源：国际经济关系司

11月12日，李克强总理访问新加坡并出席东亚合作领导人系列会议期间，在中新两国总理见证下，财政部部长刘昆与新加坡财政部部长王瑞杰签署并交换信函，新加坡正式宣布核准《“一带一路”融资指导原则》。

该原则是2017年首届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛期间的一项重要成果，由包括中国在内的27国财政部门共同核准，旨在深化“一带一路”融资合作，推动建设长期、稳定、可持续、风险可控的多元化融资体系。

附件：《“一带一路”融资指导原则》（中英文版）

“一带一路”融资指导原则

“一带一路”建设旨在加强沿线国家的政策沟通、设施联

通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通，促进经济要素有序自

由流动、资源高效配置和市场深度融合，共同打造开放、包

容、均衡、普惠的区域经济合作架构。资金融通是“一带一路”

建设的重要支撑。为此，我们，阿根廷、白俄罗斯、柬埔寨、

智利、中国、捷克、埃塞俄比亚、斐济、格鲁吉亚、希腊、

匈牙利、印尼，伊朗、肯尼亚、老挝、马来西亚、蒙古、缅

甸、巴基斯坦、卡塔尔、俄罗斯、塞尔维亚、新加坡、苏丹、

瑞士、泰国、土耳其、英国财长呼吁沿线国家政府、金融机

构、企业共同行动，本着“平等参与、利益共享、风险共担”

的原则，推动建设长期、稳定、可持续、风险可控的融资体

系。

1. 我们认识到，良好的融资体系和融资环境离不开沿线

国家政府强有力的支持。沿线国家政府应加强政策沟通，巩

固合作意向，共同释放支持“一带一路”建设和融资的积极信

号。

2. 我们鼓励沿线国家建立共同平台，在促进本地区国别

发展战略及投资计划对接的基础上，共同制定区域基础设施

发展战略或规划，确定重大项目识别和优先选择的原则，协

调各国支持政策与融资安排，交流实施经验。

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3. 我们支持金融资源服务于沿线国家和地区的实体经

济发展。重点加大对基础设施互联互通、贸易投资、产能合

作、能源能效、资源以及中小企业等领域的融资支持力度。

4. 我们重申基础设施对经济社会可持续发展的重要作用。

我们鼓励沿线国家视情开放公共服务市场，维护良好、稳定

的法律、政策和监管框架，积极发展政府和社会资本合作以

吸引各类资金，提高基础设施的供给效率和质量。我们鼓励

有意愿的相关方在私营部门和金融机构之间建立有效的信

息交流，通过基础设施融资支持可持续发展。

5. 我们重视公共资金在规划、建设重大项目上的引领作

用。我们将继续利用政府间合作基金、对外援助资金等现有

公共资金渠道，协调配合其它资金渠道，共同支持“一带一路”

建设，包括加强沿线国家和地区在民生发展、人文交流等领

域的交流合作。

6. 我们鼓励各国政策性金融机构、出口信用机构继续为

“一带一路”建设提供政策性金融支持。我们鼓励上述机构加

强协调合作，通过贷款、担保、股权投资、联合融资等多种

方式，发挥融资促进和风险分担作用。

7. 我们呼吁开发性金融机构考虑为“一带一路”沿线国家

提供更多融资支持和技术援助。我们鼓励多边开发银行和各

国开发性金融机构在其职能范围内通过贷款、股权投资、担

保和联合融资及其他融资渠道等各种方式，积极参与“一带一

路”建设，特别是跨境基础设施建设。我们支持多边开发银行

与各国开发性金融机构加强协调合作，为沿线国家提供可持

续的融资、机构专有技术和融智服务。

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8. 我们认识到市场机制在金融资源配置中应发挥决定性

作用。我们期待商业银行、股权投资基金、保险、租赁和担

保公司等各类商业性金融机构为“一带一路”建设提供资金及

其他金融服务。我们欢迎养老基金、主权财富基金等长期机

构投资者，在符合其机构职能的情况下视情积极参与，特别

是参与基础设施建设。

9. 我们支持进一步发展本地与区域金融市场。我们欢迎

发展沿线国家的本币债券市场和股权投资市场，以扩大长期

融资来源，并降低货币错配风险。

10. 我们支持金融市场的有序开放，并尊重有关国家可能

承担的国际义务。我们鼓励根据国情，在符合国内法律法规

的前提下，逐步扩大银行、保险、证券等市场准入，支持金

融机构跨境互设子公司和（或）分支机构，促进金融机构设

立申请与审批流程的便利化。

11. 我们鼓励基于“一带一路”建设需求和沿线国家需求

的金融创新。我们支持金融机构在风险可控前提下创新融资

模式、渠道、工具与服务。

12. 我们呼吁沿线各国深化金融监管合作，加强跨境监管

协调，共同为金融机构创造公平、高效、稳定的监管环境，

并尊重有关国家可能承担的国际义务。

13. 我们倡导建设透明、友好、非歧视和可预见的融资环

境。我们支持视情提高对外国直接投资的开放度，加快必要

的投资便利化进程，反对一切形式的贸易和投资保护主义。

我们倡导建立和完善公平、公正、公开、高效的法律制度，

以及互惠互利、投资友好型的税收制度。我们支持通过公正、

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合法、合理的方式妥善解决债务和投资争端，切实保护债权

人和投资人合法权益。

14. 我们强调应加强对融资项目社会环境影响的评价和

风险管理，重视节能环保合作，履行社会责任，促进当地就

业，推动经济社会可持续发展。在动员资金时，应兼顾债务

可持续性。

15. 我们认识到，“一带一路”建设的融资安排应惠及所有

企业和人群，支持可持续、包容性发展。应为提高科技能力、

技术发展以及创造就业，特别是年轻人与妇女的就业提供融

资。我们积极支持推进普惠金融的努力，鼓励沿线国家政府、

政策性金融机构、开发性金融机构及商业性金融机构加强合

作，努力让所有人享受金融信息和服务，并为中小企业提供

适当、稳定、可负担的融资服务。

4

Guiding Principles on Financing the Development of the

Belt and Road

The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote policy coordination,

facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and

people-to-people exchange among the countries along the Belt and Road

(hereinafter referred to as “countries involved”), promote orderly and free

flows of economic factors, efficient allocation of resources and deep

integration of markets, and jointly create an open, inclusive, and balanced

regional economic cooperation framework that benefits all. Financial

Integration is an important underpinning for implementing the Belt and

Road Initiative. Therefore, we, Finance Ministers of Argentina, Belarus,

Cambodia, Chile, China, Czech, Ethiopia, Fiji, Georgia, Greece, Hungary,

Indonesia, Iran, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Qatar,

Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Sudan, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, United

Kingdom, call upon the governments, financial institutions and

companies from countries involved to follow the principles of

equal-footed participation, mutual benefits and risk sharing as they work

together to build a long-term, stable, sustainable financing system that is

well-placed to manage risks.

1. We recognize that strong support from governments is essential for

building an enabling financing system and environment. As such,

governments of countries involved should strengthen policy

communication, consolidate cooperation intention, and jointly send a

positive signal of supporting and financing the development of the Belt

and Road.

2. We encourage countries along the routes to establish common

platform(s) whereby countries in the region, while forging synergies of

their development strategies and investment plans, map out strategies or

plans for regional infrastructure development, formulate principles for

identifying and prioritizing major projects, coordinate their supporting

policies and financing arrangements, and share experiences on

implementation.

3. We support channeling of financial resources to serve the real

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economy of countries and regions involved, with priority given to such

areas as infrastructure connectivity, trade and investment, industrial

capacity cooperation, energy and energy efficiency, natural resources and

SMEs.

4. We reaffirm the important role of infrastructure in sustainable

economic and social development. We encourage countries involved to

open public service markets as appropriate, while maintaining a sound

and stable legal, policy and regulatory framework and develop

public-private partnerships to channel funds and improve the efficiency

and quality of infrastructure supply. We encourage the interested parties

to establish effective information flow between private sector and

financial institutions which support sustainable development through

financing infrastructure investments.

5. We value the guiding role of public funds in planning and building

major projects. We will continue to utilize existing public funding

channels such as inter-governmental cooperation funds and foreign

assistance funds, and coordinate with other funding channels to support

the development of the Belt and Road, including strengthening

cooperation in people’s welfare, people-to-people exchange among

relevant countries and regions.

6. We encourage policy financial institutions and export credit agencies

of countries involved to continue offering policy financial support for the

development of the Belt and Road. We also encourage these institutions

to strengthen coordination and cooperation, and play their role in

financing promotion and risk-sharing through various means such as loan,

guaranty, equity investment, co-financing, etc.

7. We call upon development financial institutions to consider providing

more financial support and technical assistance for countries involved.

We encourage multilateral development banks and national development

financial institutions to actively participate in the development of the Belt

and Road within their mandates, particularly cross-border infrastructure

construction through loan, equity investment, guaranty, co-financing, and

other relevant financing channels. We support these institutions in

strengthening of coordination and collaboration to provide sustainable

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financing, institutional know-how and consulting services to countries

involved.

8. We recognize the decisive role of the market in financial resources

allocation. We envisage all types of commercial financial institutions

such as commercial banks, equity funds as well as insurance, leasing,

guarantee companies to provide funds and other financial services for the

development of the Belt and Road. We welcome proactive participation

of long-term institutional investors such as pension funds and sovereign

wealth funds, in particular in the area of infrastructure development, as

appropriate and subject to their institutional arrangements.

9. We support further development of local and regional financial

markets. We welcome the development of local currency bond markets

and equity markets in countries involved to diversify long-term financing

sources and reduce currency mismatch risks.

10. We support orderly opening-up of local and regional financial markets,

while respecting the international obligations of the countries involved, if

any. We encourage steady expansion of market access of banking,

insurance and securities sectors as appropriate to national circumstances,

support financial institutions to set up subsidiaries and/or branches in

each other’s countries, and further facilitate the application and approval

for the establishment of financial institutions, in accordance with

domestic law and regulations of host countries.

11. We encourage financial innovation that responds to the needs of

funding the development of the Belt and Road and to the needs of

countries involved. We support the innovation by financial institutions in

terms of financing models, channels, tools and services under the

precondition that risks are well managed.

12. We call upon the countries involved to deepen cooperation in

financial regulation and strengthen coordination on cross-border

supervision, in order to create a fair, efficient and stable regulatory

environment for financial institutions, while respecting the international

obligations of the countries involved, if any.

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13. We advocate for a transparent, friendly, non-discriminatory and

predictable financing environment. We support greater openness to FDI

as appropriate, speeding up trade and investment facilitation where

needed, and opposing trade and investment protectionism of all forms.

We advocate for fair, equitable, open and efficient legal systems, as well

as mutual-beneficial and investor-friendly taxation regimes. We support

the settlement of debt and investment disputes in a fair, lawful and

reasonable way to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of

creditors and investors.

14. We underscore the need to strengthen social and environmental

impact assessment and risk management of projects, improve cooperation

on energy conservation and environmental protection, fulfill social

responsibilities, promote local employment and ensure sustainable

economic and social development. We also need to take into account debt

sustainability in mobilizing finance.

15. We recognize that financing arrangements for the development of the

Belt and Road should benefit all businesses and populations in a way that

supports sustainable and inclusive development. Financing should also be

provided for enhancing technological capabilities, skills development, job

creation particularly for the youth and women. We vigorously support

efforts to promote inclusive finance, encourage governments, policy

financial institutions, development finance institutions and commercial

financial institutions to strengthen cooperation to ensure access to

financial information and services for all, and provide proper, stable and

affordable financial services for SMEs.